Object Oriented Programming or OOP, is a programming paradigm that includes or relies, on the concept of classes and objects.
Python supports different programming approaches and is sometimes referred to as a multi-paradigm programming language. The basic idea behind OOP is to divide a rather sophisticated program into a bunch of objects communicating with each other in order to implement real-world scenarios using code.
An object has two major characteristics:
For example: A pet dog can be an object of Dog class with it’s breed, age, color, name etc. as it’s attributes and barking, digging, panting etc. as it’s behavior.
Some examples of Object Oriented Programming languages are:
Let’s dig into the concepts of OOP using Python.
Everywhere I go, I see an object. Everything in our surrounding is an object. These objects have certain properties that define them and they perform specific tasks or certain actions can be performed on them as well.
A class is a blueprint of an object, it contains all the properties about the object. An object is an instantiation of a class. When a class is defined, we only write the description of the object inside it, therefore, no memory or storage is allocated to a class. Memory is allocated to the object itself.
Example:
Output:
Akamaru is a Ninja Hound of Great Pyrenees breed. He is 7 years old and White in color
Dogs are of Canis familiaris specie
Properties are variables that contain information regarding the object of class. Like in the above example, specie is a property of the class.
Methods or functions have access to those properties or other methods of the class. Methods can define the behavior of an object.
The concepts of Object Oriented Programming allows us to write complex applications using Python. Classes and objects are the basic building block behind all the principles of Object oriented programming.
That’s all for now. In the next blog, we will be writing on class methods, static methods and access modifiers.
Keep learning. Have a nice day. :)